Nuclear Energy MCQ Class 10 | Science

Nuclear Energy MCQ with Solution

1. Which is wrong statement :

(A) α-particles are +vely charged

(B) β- particles are –vely charged

(D) None of these

Ans. (D)

Sol. α-particles→ + vely charged

β -particle → -vely charge

-rays → neutral

2. A magnetic field deflects :

(A) α-particles only

(B) alpha & Beta particles

(D) None of these

Ans. (B)

Sol. A magnetic field can deflect both alpha and beta particles when they are in motion.

3. Positron is represented by symbol :

(A) β⁺

(B) e⁺

(D) All of these

Ans. (D)

Sol. Position is antiparticle of electron, its symbol is ₁e° or e⁺ or β⁺

4. A neutrino is :

(A) Chargeless, massless & without spin

(B) Chargeless, mass less & has spin

(D) Positively charged, massless & without spin

Ans. (B)

Sol. Neutrino is nuclear particle having no mass and no charge but it has spin.

5. A positron has :

(A) Unit positive charge & mass equal to proton

(B) Unit positive charge & mass equal to neutron

(D) No charged no mass

Ans. (C)

Sol. Positron is anti-particle of electron i.e. it has unit positive charge and mass equal to an electron.

6. Particle having no mass & no charge :

(A)

(B)

(D) None of these

Ans. (C)

Sol. Neutrino & gamma rays both have zero mass and zero charge

7. In a neutral atom n_e& n_p represent number of electrons & protons, then :

(A) n_e < n_p

(B) n_e = n_p

(D) None of these

Ans. (B)

Sol. Atom is electrically neutral so n_e = n_p

8. A nucleus has 16 neutrons & its mass number is 31. The atomic number of this is :

(A) 47

(B) 31

(D) 16

Ans. (C)

Sol. Atomic No. = No. of protons = Mass No. – No. of Neutrons

= 31 – 16 = 15

9. Number of nucleons in the nucleus, is called :

(A) Mass number

(B) Atomic number

(D) Electron number

Ans. (A)

Sol. No. of nucleons = No. of neutrons + No. of protons = Mass Number

10. Different elements having equal number of neutrons in their nuclei are called :

(A) Isomer

(B) Isotopes

(D) Isotones

Ans. (D)

Sol. Atoms of different elements having same no. of neutrons are called isotones.

11. In nuclear reaction, we have the conservation of :

(A) Mass only

(B) Energy only

(D) Mass, energy and momentum

Ans. (D)

Sol. Mass, energy and momentum remains conserve during nuclear reaction.

12. 1 a.m.u. is equal to :

(A)1.66 × 10^–20 kg

(B) 1.66 × 10–22 kg

(D)1.66 × 10^–27kg

Ans. (D)

Sol. 1 a.m.u. is equal to 1.66 × 10^–27 kg.

13. When a radioactive element emits an alpha particle, then its atomic number decreases by :

(A) 1

(B) 2

(D) 4

Ans. (B)

Sol. α-particle is the nucleus of hellium.

14. The nuclear fusion reactions which occur at extremely high temperature are called:

(A) Thermonuclear reactions

(B) Energy reactions

(D) Thermal reactions

Ans. (A)

Sol. Nuclear fusion reactions are thermonuclear reactions as they require high temperature and pressure.

15. Isotopes have :

(A) Similar physical properties but different chemical properties

(B) Different physical properties but similar chemical properties

(D) Similar physical and chemical properties

Ans. (B)

Sol. Isotopes have different physical properties but simialr chemical properties.

16. Oxygen atom will ________, _________ electrons to form oxide ion.

(A) Lose, two

(B) Lose, one

(D) Gain, one

Ans. (A)

Sol. Oxygen atom will loose two electrons to form oxide ion.

17. Out of ${}_{17}^{35}Cl$ and ${}_{17}^{35}Cl$ , the isotopes occurring in nature in larger amount is

(A) ${}_{17}^{35}Cl$

(B) ${}_{17}^{35}Cl$

(D) Their amount cannot be predicted

Ans. (C)

Sol. Both isotopes occur naturally in equal amounts.

18. An anion is always _________ and has ___________ number of electrons as compared to neutral atom.

(A) Larger, more

(B) Smaller, less

(D) Larger, less

Ans. (A)

Sol. Anion is larger in size as compared to neutral atom because it contains more electrons.

19. The mass number of nucleus is :

(A) Always less than its atomic number.

(B) Always more than its atomic number.

(D) Sometimes more than and sometimes equal to its atomic number.

Ans. (D)

Sol. Mass number may be equal to atomic number for Hydrogen.

20. Atoms of an element differing in mass number but possessing the same chemical properties are called :

(A) Isotones.

(B) Isotopes.

(D) Isomers.

Ans. (B)

Sol. Isotopes differ in mass no. but have same atomic no. and chemical properties.

21. In nuclear fission the nucleus of an element splits into two nuclei. The fission products have :

(A) The higher atomic number

(B) The lower atomic number

(D) The same mass number

Ans. (B)

Sol. During nuclear fission a heavy nucleus splits into lighter nuclei.

22. The mass of an α particle is :

(A) Less than sum of the masses of 2 protons & 2 neutrons

(B) Equal to mass of four protons

(D) Equal to sum of masses of two protons and two neutrons

Ans. (A)

Sol. Due to mass defect, the mass of an a-particle is less than sum of the mass of 2 protons & 2 neutrons.

23. The fusion reactions occur at :

(A) Low pressure

(B) High temperature

(D) High pressure, low temperature

Ans. (C)

Sol. Nuclear fusion reactions occur at extremely high temperature and pressure conditions.

24. Which of the following will produce more energy in less time :

(A) Nuclear fission

(B) Nuclear fusion

(D) Nothing can be predicted

Ans. (B)

Sol. Nuclear fusion will produce more energy in less time

25. Which is not true :

(A) Fission occurs at extremely high temperature

(B) Fission emits harmful radiations

(D) All of them

Ans. (A)

Sol. Nuclear fission reactions can be performed at NTP.

26. The process of fusion is used for :

(A) Atom bomb

(B) Ordinary Bomb

(D) Hydrogen Bomb

Ans. (D)

Sol. Hydrogen bomb is based on nculear fusion.

27. Hydrogen bomb is based upon :

(A) Fission

(B) Fusion

(D) None of these

Ans. (C)

Sol. In Hydrogen bomb first fission takes place and then fusion.

28. Emisssion of which one of the following leaves both atomic number and mass number unchanged ?

(A) Position

(B) Neutron

(D) Alpha particle

Ans. (C)

Sol. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation. If gamma decay takes place from radioctive element, both atomic number and mass number remains unchanged and energy decreases.

29. Fusion reaction takes place at high temperature because :

(A) Atoms are ionised at high temperature

(B) Molecules break up at high temperature

(D) Kinetic energy is high enough to over come repulsion between nuclei

Ans. (D)

Sol. For nuclear fusion to take place it is required to over come repulsion between two positively charged nucleus.

30. Which of the following statements about nuclear fission is always correct :

(A) Very little energy is released in fision process

(B) Nuclear fission is an energetically favourable process for heavy atoms.

(D) All nuclear fission reactions are spontaneous.

Ans. (B)

Sol. Nuclear fission is an energetically favourable process for heavy atoms.

Nuclear fission is a reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits into two middle weight nuclei, releasing a lot of energy.

31. The mass number of four different elements A, B, C and D are 2, 35, 125 & 235 respectively. Which of them would provide the most suitable nuclear fission reaction :

(A) C & D

(B) A & D

(D) Only D

Ans. (D)

Sol. U-235 is a radioactive product.

32. Enriched uranium used in a reactor is uranium with a high percentage of :

(A) Particular isotope

(B) Uranium freed of all impurities

(D) Uranium treated with radiations

Ans. (A)

Sol. Enrichment is the process of increasing the percentage of particular isotope in a sample.

33. Thermal neutrons are :

(A) Extremely slow neutrons

(B) Slow neutrons

(D) Extremely fast neutrons

Ans. (B)

Sol. Thermal nutrons are slow moving neutrons used to initiate a nuclear fision reaction.

34. Neutrons are more effective for producing nuclear reaction with nuclei compared to proton because :

(A) Neutrons have greater P.E.

(B) Neutrons emit β-particle

(D) Neutrons are bit lighter than protons

Ans. (C)

Sol. In nuclear fusion we use neutron as an initiator because it does not experience electrostatic repulsion of nuclear charge or electron cloud.

35. The average amount of energy released during the fission of a uranium atom is about :

(A) 100 MeV

(B) 200 MeV

(D) 10 MeV

Ans. (B)

Sol. On an average 200 MeV of energy is released during the fission of a uranium atom

36. The enrichment of uranium is carried out at :

(A) Hyderabad

(B) Chennai

(D) Mount Everest

Ans. (A)

Sol. In India enrichment of Uranium is carried out at Hyderabad.

37. The process by which non fissionable U-238 is converted into fissionable Pu-239 is called :

(A) Fission

(B) Fusion

(D) Chain reaction

Ans. (C)

Sol. Enrichment is increment in percentage of a particular isotope.

38. Which of the following will produce lesser pollution problem :

(A) Nuclear fission

(B) Nuclear fusion

(D) Nothing can be said

Ans. (B)

Sol. The products formed after nuclear fusion reaction are not radioactive and easy to dispose.

39. The process of combining two light nuclei to form a heavy nucleus is called :

(A) Fission

(B) Artificial transmutation

(D) None of these

Ans. (C)

Sol. Fusion is the process in which two light nuclei combine to form heavier nucleus

40. The release of energy from fission occurring in a nuclear chain reaction is the basis of :

(A) Atom bomb

(B) Hydrogen bomb

(D) None of these

Ans. (A)

Sol. Atom Bomb is based on Nuclear fission.

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