The Age of Industrialisation Multiple Choice Questions with Answers CBSE Class 10 History Chapter 5
1. The region ‘Orient’ lies :
(A) entirely in the eastern hemisphere
(B) entirely in the western hemisphere
(C) partly in the eastern hemisphere and partly in the western hemisphere
(D) entirely in the southern hemisphere
Answer
2. Arrange the following production processes in the appropriate order :
(1) Spinning
(2) Twisting
(3) Rolling
(4) Carding
Choose the answer from the following options :
(A) 4; 2; 1; 3
(B) 4; 1; 2; 3
(C) 3; 2; 1; 4
(D) 2; 4; 1; 3
Answer
3. Read the statements :
(1) In the early phase of industrialization in London, industrialists usually preferred hand labour.
(2) In the early phase of industrialization in England, demand and production fluctuated with the season.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both 1 and 2 are false.
(B) Both 1 and 2 are true. 2 is the explanation for 1.
(C) Both 1 and 2 are true. 1 is the explanation for 2.
(D) Both 1 and 2 are true but they are independent.
Answer
4. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(A) The sea trade network controlled by Indian merchants and bankers became stronger in the 18th century.
(B) European companies gradually gained power in the 18th century India.
(C) European companies managed to get concessions from the local rulers in the 18th century India.
(D) Control over trade passed from Indian merchants to European companies in the 18th century.
Answer
5. The system of having gomasthas in India enabled the Company to :
(A) involve more traders and brokers in the trade activity
(B) establish a more direct control over the weavers
(C) impress the local rulers
(D) strengthen its political power in India
Answer
6. The pattern of industrial change in India was conditioned by :
(A) emigrant youth
(B) inventions by young scientists
(C) colonial rule
(D) the conservative groups in the Indian society
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7. Which of the following account(s) for the slow pace of technological changes?
(1) New technology was expensive.
(2) The machines often broke down and repair was costly.
(3) The machines were not as effective as their inventors and manufacturers claimed.
(4) Merchants and industrialists were cautious about the use of machines.
Choose the answer from the following options :
(A) All the four
(B) None of the four
(C) 1 but not the others
(D) 2 but not the others
Answer
8. Read the statements :
(1) By the early 19th century, European countries succeeded in ensuring hundred per cent employment.
(2) Prices fell during the Napoleonic Wars.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both are true.
(B) Both are false.
(C) 1 is true. 2 is false.
(D) 2 is true. 1 is false.
Answer
9. The first cotton mill in India was established in the year :
(A) 1954
(B) 1730
(C) 1854
(D) 1906
Answer
10. Arrange the following stages of production in the appropriate order :
(1) Dyer
(2) Finishing
(3) Fuller
(4) Stapler
(5) Weaver
Choose the answer from the following options :
(A) 1; 5; 3; 4; 2
(B) 3; 5; 4; 1; 2
(C) 5; 4; 3; 1; 2
(D) 4; 5; 3; 1; 2
Answer
11. The term ‘Orient’ refers mostly to :
(A) Africa
(B) Asia
(C) Europe
(D) America
Answer
12. Which of the following is / are not characteristic of the industrial landscape?
(1) Small workshops in the by-lanes
(2) Chimneys billowing smoke
(3) Greenery
(4) Production in family farms
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) None of the four
(B) 1, 3 and 4
(C) Only 2
(D) All the four
Answer
13. Read the statements :
(1) Hand-made goods were better finished than machine-made goods.
(2) In Britain, there was no labour shortage in the early phase of industrialization.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both 1 and 2 are true. 2 explains 1.
(B) Both 1 and 2 are true. 1 explains 2.
(C) Both 1 and 2 are true. They are independent.
(D) Both 1 and 2 are false.
Answer
14. Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) The decline of the old ports of Surat and Hooghly began in the early 20th century.
(B) Surat and Hooghly were de-urbanized during the 18th century.
(C) The volume of trade at Surat and Hooghly multiplied rapidly in the early 18th century.
(D) Operations of European companies were responsible for increase in the volume of trade at Surat and Hooghly.
Answer
15. The Company followed the system of advances to weavers in India. Which of the following was / were the advantage(s) of this system?
(1) It enabled the Company to bind the weavers.
(2) It enabled the Company to eliminate competitors.
(3) It ensured a regular supply of cotton and silk goods.
Choose the answer from the options.
(A) 1 but not 2 and 3
(B) 1 and 2 but not 3
(C) All the three
(D) None of the three
Answer
16. In popular opinion, industrialization is associated with :
(A) home-based work
(B) traditional craft
(C) small-scale production
(D) the growth of factories
Answer
17. Read the following statements :
(1) Steam engine was originally produced by Thomas Newcomen.
(2) Newcomen’s model was improved by James Watt.
(3) Newcomen patented the steam engine in 1781.
(4) Mathew Boulton manufactured steam engines.
Which of the above is / are true?
(A) Only 1
(B) 1, 2 and 4
(C) All the four
(D) None of the four
Answer
18. Read the statements :
(1) Workers were hostile to the introduction of new technology.
(2) In the 1830s, unemployment rate in Europe was as high as 75 per cent.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both are true but independent.
(B) Both are false.
(C) Both are true. 2 explains 1.
(D) Both are true. 1 explains 2.
Answer
19. The first cotton mill in India was established at :
(A) Ahmedabad
(B) Surat
(C) Calcutta
(D) Bombay
Answer
20. Arrange the following events in the appropriate order :
(1) Peasants began to accept the advances offered by merchants.
(2) Commons began to be enclosed.
(3) Poor peasants depended on common lands for their survival.
(4) Income from proto-industrial production supplemented the peasants’ income.
(5) Peasants had to look for alternative sources of income.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) 3; 2; 1; 5; 4
(B) 3; 1; 5; 2; 4
(C) 3; 5; 2; 1; 4
(D) 3; 2; 5; 1; 4
Answer
21. Westerners viewed the Orient as :
(A) violent and dangerous
(B) modern and revolutionary
(C) pre-modern, traditional and mysterious
(D) wild, worldly and godless
Answer
22. Read the following statements :
(1) Railways expanded through out the 19th century.
(2) The iron and steel industry gradually overtook the cotton industry in the second phase of industrialization.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both 1 and 2 are false.
(B) Both 1 and 2 are true but they are not interconnected.
(C) Both 1 and 2 are true and 1 is the reason for 2.
(D) Both 1 and 2 are true and 2 is the reason for 1.
Answer
23. Read the statements :
(1) Industrialization created abundant employment opportunities.
(2) Peasants in the countryside preferred to continue with their old occupations even after industrialization.
(3) Possibility of employment in industrial Britain was subject to social connections.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) All the three are true.
(B) 2 and 3 are true. 1 is false.
(C) 1 and 2 are true. 3 is false.
(D) 1 and 3 are true. 2 is false.
Answer
24. Which of the following is incorrect?
(A) As Masulipatnam declined, Madras grew.
(B) As Hooghly declined in importance, Calcutta grew.
(C) Though European companies controlled the trade through the new ports, it was still carried on in Indian ships.
(D) As Surat declined in importance, Bombay grew.
Answer
25. Read the statements :
(1) The system of advances gave the Indian weavers better bargaining power.
(2) Clashes between weavers and the Company’s gomasthas were common.
(3) The supply merchants had cordial social links with the weavers in the pre-colonial era.
Which of the above are true?
(A) All the three
(B) 1 and 3 but not 2
(C) 1 and 2 but not 3
(D) 2 and 3 but not 1
Answer
26. Proto-industrialization refers to :
(A) industrial production that was not factory-based
(B) industrial production that was factory-based
(C) absence of international market
(D) large scale production for domestic consumption
Answer
27. Read the statements :
(1) In Victorian Britain, there was no shortage of human labour.
(2) In the 18th century Europe, wages of workers were low.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both 1 and 2 are false.
(B) Both 1 and 2 are true and they are independent of each other.
(C) Both 1 and 2 are true. 1 is the explanation for A.
(D) Both 1 and 2 are true. 2 is the explanation for A.
Answer
28. Read the statements :
(1) The Spinning Jenny was devised by James Hargreaves in 1764.
(2) The introduction of the Spinning Jenny often resulted in conflict.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) 2 is true. 1 is false.
(B) 1 is true. 2 is false.
(C) Both are false.
(D) Both are true.
Answer
29. The first jute mill in India was set up in the year :
(A) 1855
(B) 1765
(C) 1925
(D) 1899
Answer
30. Which of the following statements is / are true about the proto-industrial period?
(1) A close relationship developed between the town and the countryside.
(2) Merchants were based in the rural areas.
(3) London was mainly a finishing center.
(4) Proto-industrial production was mainly meant for domestic consumption.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) All the four
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 4
(D) 4 but not the other three
Answer
31. The cover page of the ‘Dawn of the Century’ glorifies :
(A) agriculture and rural life
(B)religion and spirituality
(C) war and imperialism
(D) machines and technology
Answer
32. Read the following statements.
(1) With the onset of factory culture, traditional industries disappeared completely.
(2) In the late 19th century England, majority of the total workforce was employed in technologically advanced industrial units.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) 2 is true but 1 is false.
(B) 1 is true but 2 is false.
(C) Both 1 and 2 are true.
(D) Both 1 and 2 are false.
Answer
33. Read the statements :
(1) Following industrialization, people in large numbers began to migrate to the towns and cities in the hope of finding employment.
(2) Night Refuges were set up private individuals. Casual Wards were maintained by the Poor Law authorities.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both 1 and 2 are true. 1 explains 2.
(B) Both 1 and 2 are true. 2 explains 1.
(C) Both 1 and 2 are true. They are independent.
(D) Both 1 and 2 are false.
Answer
34. Shift of trade from the old ports to the new ones in India was an indicator of :
(A) the increasing demand for Indian goods in the international market
(B) India’s industrialization
(C) Europe’s economic dependence on India
(D) the growth of colonial power
Answer
35. Which of the following was not a contributing factor to the misery of Indian weavers?
(A) Revolts by weavers against the Company and its officials
(B) Growth of Indian industry
(C) Shortage of raw cotton
(D) Competition from imported cotton goods from Europe
Answer
36. Merchants in Europe in the proto-industrial period had to depend on the countryside for the production of goods because :
(A) people with the required skills could not be found in towns
(B) trade guilds were powerful in towns
(C) the countryside regulated competition and prices
(D) there was no demand for urban craft
Answer
37. Read the statements :
(1) In Victorian Britain, the elite preferred things produced by hand.
(2) Machine-made goods symbolized refinement and class.
(3) In the 19th century America, mechanical power was preferred to human labour.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) All the three are true.
(B) 2 and 3 are true; 1 is false.
(C) 1 and 2 are true; 3 is false.
(D) 1 and 3 are true; 2 is false.
Answer
38. Read the statements :
(1) Prior to industrialization, Indian silk and cotton dominated the international market.
(2) Prior to industrialization, India was the only country in the world that produced cotton.
(3) Trade between India and Europe, right from the ancient period, flourished via the sea route.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) 1 is true. 2 and 3 are false.
(B) 1 and 2 are true. 3 is false.
(C) All the three are true.
(D) All the three are false.
Answer
39. Who among the following set up a jute mill in Calcutta in 1917?
(A) Dinshaw Petit
(B) Seth Hukum Chand
(C) Dwarak Nath Tagore
(D) Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy
Answer
40. Which of the following statements is / are not true?
(1) The earliest factories in England came up in the 16th century.
(2) The first symbol of the factory-era was cotton.
(3) 18th century-inventions accelerated the production process.
(4) Till the late 19th century, majority of industrial production was carried on within rural households.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) 1 but not the others
(B) All the four
(C) 1 and 4
(D) 2 and 3
Answer
41. The picture ‘Two Magicians’ juxtaposes :
(A) the Oriental and the Occidental
(B) war and peace
(C) the Christian and the non-Christian worlds
(D) the Aryans and the rest of the world
Answer
42. Which of the following cannot be grouped under traditional industries?
(1) Glass work
(2) Iron and steel industry
(3) Pottery
(4) Tanning
(5) Steam-powered industries
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) 1, 2 and 5
(B) 2 and 5
(C) 1, 3 and 4
(D) 2, 3, 4 and 5
Answer
43. Read the statements.
(1) After the winter every year, many industrial labourers returned to the countryside.
(2) Measures for the welfare of industrial labourers were initiated in the 18th century.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both are true.
(B) 2 is true. 1 is false.
(C) 1 is true. 2 is false.
(D) Both are false.
Answer
44. Which of the following account(s) for the East India Company finding it difficult to ensure a regular supply of goods for export in the mid-18th century?
(1) By then, the Company had not established political power.
(2) The Company had to compete with the French, Dutch and Portuguese as well as the local traders.
(3) The rulers in India were hostile to the Company and followed an anti-Europe policy.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) 1 but not 2 and 3.
(B) None of the three
(C) All the three
(D) 1 and 2 but not 3.
Answer
45. Which of the following was not responsible for the collapse of the export market of the Indian weavers in the 19th century?
(A) Policies of the British government
(B) Increasing imports of cotton piece-goods into India
(C) Increase of cotton supplies from the US to Europe after the American Civil War
(D) Increasing raw cotton exports from India to Europe
Answer
46. During the proto-industrial period, peasants and artisans in Europe were willing to work for merchants because:
(A) the work offered scope to become wealthy in a short time
(B) they could not depend on common lands for their living any more
(C) they were granted monopoly production rights by rulers
(D) they had lost interest in agriculture
Answer
47. Machine-made goods were meant :
(1) to be status symbols
(2) for a mass market
(3) to be goods with intricate designs
(4) for export to colonies
Which of the above is / are true?
(A) 2 and 4 (B) 1 and 3 (C) 1 and 2 (D) Only 4
Answer
48. Read the statements :
(1) Surat port connected India to the Southeast Asian ports.
(2) Masulipatnam was an important port on the Malabar coast.
(3) Hooghly port had trade link with the Persian Gulf.
Choose the answer from the following options.
(A) All the three are true.
(B) All the three are false.
(C) 1 is true. 2 and 3 are false.
(D) 2 is true. 1 and 3 are false.
Answer
49. India’s exports in the 19th century mostly consisted of :
(A) tea and silk
(B) cotton piece-goods
(C) raw materials and food grains
(D) manufactured goods
Answer
50. Read the following statements.
(1) Machines brought together all the production processes under one roof.
(2) Production in the countryside declined gradually in the 18th century.
Which of the following do you agree with?
(A) Both statements are incorrect.
(B) Both (1) and (2) are correct but there is no connection between them
(C) Both (1) and (2) are correct and (2) is the reason for (1)
(D) Both (1) and (2) are correct and (1) is the reason for (2)
Answer
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